![]() ![]() Chest 2005 128:1836–1852.Generalized edema occurs secondary to many clinical disorders the usual management of edema is the using of diuretics. The acutely decompensated right ventricle: pathways for diagnosis and management. Contemporary management of acute right ventricular failure: a statement from the Heart Failure Association and the Working Group on Pulmonary Circulation and Right Ventricular Function of the European Society of Cardiology. Harjola V-P, Mebazaa A, Čelutkienė J, Bettex D, Bueno H, Chioncel O, Crespo-Leiro MG, Falk V, Filippatos G, Gibbs S, Leite-Moreira A, Lassus J, Masip J, Mueller C, Mullens W, Naeije R, Nordegraaf AV, Parissis J, Riley JP, Ristic A, Rosano G, Rudiger A, Ruschitzka F, Seferovic P, Sztrymf B, Vieillard-Baron A, Yilmaz MB, Konstantinides S. 2015 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension: the Joint Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS): endorsed by: association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology (AEPC), International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT). Galiè N, Humbert M, Vachiéry JL, Gibbs S, Lang I, Torbicki A, Simonneau G, Peacock A, Vonk Noordegraaf A, Beghetti M, Ghofrani A, Gomez Sanchez MA, Hansmann G, Klepetko W, Lancellotti P, Matucci M, McDonagh T, Pierard LA, Trindade PT, Zompatori M, Hoeper M ESC Scientific Document Group. Right ventricular function and failure: report of a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute working group on cellular and molecular mechanisms of right heart failure. Voelkel NF, Quaife RA, Leinwand LA, Barst RJ, McGoon MD, Meldrum DR, Dupuis J, Long CS, Rubin LJ, Smart FW, Suzuki YJ, Gladwin M, Denholm EM, Gail DB National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group on Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Right Heart Failure. Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. This review provides an overview of the challenges related to fluid retention, including strategies to help patients manage symptoms and side effects of treatment.Įndothelin receptor antagonists Fluid retention Oedema Pulmonary arterial hypertension Right heart failure. Fluid retention is often assessed and treated in clinical practice by specialist nurses, who act as a key patient contact providing advice and information on symptom management. All patients on diuretics should be regularly monitored for renal dysfunction and electrolyte imbalance and given advice on how to manage the side effects associated with diuretic use. Right heart failure can be treated with both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions to reduce fluid retention including altering fluid and salt intake, weight monitoring, and use of diuretics. If fluid overload develops, it is important to determine whether it is caused by the progression of PAH, a side effect of PAH-specific treatment, or another drug or comorbid condition, as this affects both the prognosis and the management strategy. Patients with RHF should be assessed regularly for signs of fluid retention. Vigilant management of RHF is important for maintaining patient quality of life, as fluid overload can lead to abdominal bloating (ascites) and peripheral oedema, which also has a major impact on patients' morbidity and mortality. Our aim with this review is to provide practical advice and management support for nurses and other healthcare practitioners in managing fluid retention in adults with right heart failure (RHF) due to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). ![]()
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